Expert online: the IGA nephropathy, renal biopsy report, the severity?

To do in Shanghai Xinhua Hospital renal biopsy results are as follows:
Pathological diagnosis:
IGA, C3
13 only glomerular
Most of the glomerular mesangial cell ball, or segmental mild hyperplasia with matrix increase
Tubular multifocal necrosis, atrophy, and see part of the luminal cells and protein in tubular form,
Renal interstitial show more inflammatory cell infiltration
Renal blood vessels showed no abnormal
IGAN (mesangial proliferative type)
Do not know that this is lee's a few levels, how to see if there is no crescent formation?
Doctor to have:
6 day prednisone (Shanghai Xinyi out) 30mg
Caltrate 1 a day
There is a what enteric-coated tablets (stomach) and a raised bone specific forget.
Had the disease very hard to accept and originally feisty admit defeat, a lot of things can not do, can not be too tired, and the future receive the impact, only 27 years old, newly married, not kids. . .
Pain!
Experts answer
Telephone communication, if you want to get a more detailed treatment programs, treatment, care problems to the online experts to submit a more detailed condition or fax your case a single further consultation.

Expert Online: Children's immune function in IgA lower than normal, calcium

9-year-old boy, because every month a cold cough to go to the hospital for immune function testing and detection of trace elements, results showed that the humoral immune IgA below the normal value of 0.91g / L (normal range is 1.27-1.93g / L) detection of trace elements of calcium lower than normal. this case do not need to take to enhance the immune drugs, In addition, the calcium supplement or vitamin D. hope to hear the doctor's advice, thank you!
Experts answer
One can take it. This will enhance the child's immune system. But this is only a temporary solution. (2) calcium and vitamin d supplement. The best outdoor activities every day two hours. (3) recommend nutritional supplements. Milk, beans, lean meat, liver, etc., can eat more. Children more exercise, exercise, exercise habit.
Expert online: the IGA four hardening, can be pregnant?
17 glomeruli, four small balls sex sclerosis, 3 balls segmental sclerosis with adhesions, a small ball large fibrous crescent formation with segmental sclerosis, three small ball balloon adhesion the rest of the glomerular lesions, diffuse mild to moderate proliferation of mesangial cells, moderate increase in mesangial matrix. Found that blood pressure 140/100, may I ask, if negative, but also be pregnant?
Experts answer
Ah, I just obtained the marriage certificate when took a snapshot to pay more than you, the fee for only 9 dollars, I pay 66, gave the four photos, nothing have. According to a photo took me 57 quick Boyd, Civil Affairs Bureau, is a liar? So, now is not to say, the next time you go to go, even if the liar 40 dollars took a set of passport but also the value, after looking for work can be used, medical examinations, although the price of 50 dollars is , but I think the transceiver is not correct, general interviews are finished talent of being admitted will pay medical examinations of By the time you look at the interview were many people in terms of it, I wish you good luck.
Expert Online: iga nephropathy.
I June renal biopsy to detect iga nephropathy 3. Segmental glomerular sclerosis. Inpatient treatment for more than a month.
Discharged after hormone, and traditional Chinese medicine with western medicine treatment. Prednisone 10.
Every month to check the improvement in urinary protein June acute exacerbation after admission, no. Was always no.
Occult blood was discharged after two plus eat more than two months of traditional Chinese medicine, a month less a plus.
No occult blood, protein-free.
Usually also normal. Hormone every half months less one, nor how to gain weight. Weight did not change.
Asked how prognosis, how long will relapse? I this case also need the Yange She salt it?
The face to grow up point, and this hormone subtraction How often do you think the same as before.
Do not copy the answer Thank you
Experts answer
Prognosis is good, good control of their diet, especially salt intake control, too much salt will increase the burden on the kidney. Face grown up with the use of prednisone withdrawal after recovery.

Expert online: VCA-IgA (EB virus antibody) was sexual

I am a friend of one of the test results! The expertise to answer!
VCA-IgA (EB virus antibody) positive
APTT H
MO monocyte percentage of H
HCT hematocrit L
MCHC (RBC mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration) L
MPV (mean platelet volume) L
Please do not understand do not pretend to understand,
Relationship to human life, and the expertise to answer!
12,000 points thanks ~ ~ ~ ~
My friend is the man! Father died due to nasopharyngeal ~ ~
Experts answer
EB virus (Epstein-Barrvirus, EBV) belongs to the subfamily of Herpesviridae R DNA virus. Widely exist in the world, become a lifelong latent infection in human infection, under certain conditions, activation, and can be transformed into lymphocytes. Earlier phase of infection in developing countries, about 3 to 5 years of age has reached its peak population infection rate, about 50% of infected; later in the developed world, to its peak at about 15 to 20 years old. Now known pathology of EBV and the following four different diseases: infectious mononucleosis syndrome (IM), Burkitt's lymphoma (Burkitt lymphoma), nasopharyngeal carcinoma and immunocompromised individuals polyclonalB-cell lymphoma. Different parts of the research shows that women of childbearing age is basically this end virus serology. EBV can infect the fetus and cause congenital damage, the problem will be very serious. Whether by the intrauterine birth canal or breast milk spread on the virus and cause congenital infection, there has been controversy. Related to nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Answer to supplement it may be related to nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Genetic. . . . The answer to add the best to the hospital confirmed that this is not good to say
Telephone communication has been, if you want to get a more detailed treatment program or treatment, nursing problems, to submit a more detailed condition or fax your case a single to the online experts for further consultation.

iga nephropathy not Western medicine how treatment?

iga nephropathy not Western medicine to how it treated? We know that kidney disease is an autoimmune disease, this is because the immune system abnormalities. In this case, a large number of antibodies and antibody immune complexes, as well as other related sedimentation in the kidneys, causing inflammation of kidney tissue directly. Although the main factors of the inflammatory response of renal damage, but the deposition of immunoglobulin and antibody immune complexes the root cause. Deposition in the kidneys, inflammation and kidney damage. Therefore, the basic approach is to remove deposited to stop kidney disease.
iga nephropathy Western medicine do not how it treated? nephropathy immune to extend the patient's life by stopping kidney disease. Immunotherapy, traditional Chinese medicine is used to adjust the patient's immune system. We know that a healthy person, he is free from various diseases, it is because he has a strong immune system that helps eliminate bacteria and viruses. When the system is weak or not normal, he began to be different diseases. When the antibody immune complex formation and deposition in the kidneys, inflammation, and therefore the formation of kidney disease. Immunotherapy treatment for kidney disease is only by strengthening the patient's immune system, as well as improve their self-curative capacity.
Treatment of immune treatment of nephrotic principles to eliminate the cause of kidney damage. Kidney disease is an autoimmune disease, it occurs because a large number of immune complexes (antibody immune complex deposition in the mesangial area), part of the kidneys, and cause inflammatory and immune responses. The antibody is the number of immunoglobulin, ranked second only to the antibody.
Immunoglobulin deposition in the mesangial area, the inflammatory and immune responses to get rid of these foreign substances. However, when our strong immune system, help us to remove these harmful substances, our own renal tissue destruction as well. In addition, based on clinical investigations, damage the kidneys caused by inflammatory and immune responses than the more serious immune complexes.
A. Make it clear that the number of immune complex deposition in glomerular mesangial area.
Two. Clear circulating immunoglobulin A immune complexes from the blood to prevent immune complex deposition in glomerular mesangial area.
3. Stop the inflammation, and prevent further kidney damage.
4. Adjust the patient's immune system to clear immune complex deposition in the mesangial area.
5 Protection of the patient's immune system, to avoid the recurrence of kidney disease.
Experts: chronic iga nephritis can be cured of Chinese medicine or Western medicine
Chronic nephritis can cure okay Chinese medicine or Western medicine? In the field of modern Chinese medicine for the treatment of IgA nephropathy is "strengthening the economy" treatment! Modern medicine, yin deficiency heat is the main pathogenesis of IgA nephropathy, damp, evil drug, blood stasis The blood is induced by IgA nephropathy and aggravating factors.
Kidney by the rich capillary lesions prone to blood damage, blood runs sluggish Erzhi blood stasis. IgA nephropathy at the beginning from the onset to the kidney for the lesion center, a long time in human blood will run the abnormal formation of blood stasis. IgA nephropathy pathology of mesangial immune complex deposition, increased mesangial cells, mesangial matrix increase, balloon adhesion, occlusion of capillary loops, glomerular sclerosis, tubular atrophy and interstitial fibrosis are kidney local blood stasis.
Can be cured of chronic nephritis Chinese medicine or Western? Hot and humid poison evil IgA nephropathy induced by external factors, but also a pathological product of IgA nephropathy. Hot and humid poison the evil and the disease activity of IgA nephropathy is an important factor for more severe disease. Hot and humid the basis of the pathological immune response, damp, may be signs of cytokines and inflammatory mediators active in the origin of the disease stage, immune complexes continuously deposited in the kidney, direct damage to the glomerulus.
IgA nephropathy in Chinese medicine theory, the experts should focus on treatment of IgA nephropathy around the virtual, the ebb and flow of blood stasis, heat, moisture change, stasis disinfection, repair, mesangial cells, reducing the kidney burden, prevention and treatment of healthy kidney cells to be replaced must also be repaired, new life, to achieve new
Experts answer
Iga nephritis chronic can be cured Chinese medicine or Western medicine? In the field of modern Chinese medicine for the treatment of IgA nephropathy is the treatment of "strengthening the foundation of modern medicine, yin deficiency heat IgA nephropathy
Telephone communication has been, if you want to get a more detailed treatment program or treatment, nursing problems, to submit a more detailed condition or fax your case a single to the online experts for further consultation.

New method:immunotherapy to treatment iga nephropathy

IgA nephropathy is a common cause of glomerulonephritis. Although it is a benign disease in most patients, chronic renal failure and ESRD occur in about 20-40% of patients within 20 years of presentation. Currently, no cure exists for IgA nephropathy, but therapies that can delay the onset of need for dialysis and transplantation are available.
New method:immunotherapy to treatment iga nephropathy
Then what are Immunotherapy ?
Immunotherapy is an advanced medical treatment created on the basis of Chinese herbal treatment. In clinical, Immunotherapy is divided into six steps and each of them focuses on different purpose.
How does Immunotherapy treat IgA Nephropathy?
IgA Nephropathy is an autoimmune disease and it occurs because large amounts of IgA immune complexes deposit in mesangial area and cause kidney damages. Therefore, the key point of treating IgA Nephropathy is to clear immune complexes away from the kidneys.
Immunotherapy is a medical treatment which achieves the purpose of clearing immune complexes away through adjusting immune system as well as strengthening self-curative ability.
In clinical, Immunotherapy is divided into several steps and each of them focus on different purpose. We know clearing immune complexes is the best and only way to stop IgA Nephropathy, but in Immunotherapy, removing immune complexes circulating in the blood in advance is very important as it can prevent more immune complexes from deposing in mesangial area. When blood is purified, Chinese herbs will be used to adjust IgA Nephropathy patient's immune system and increasing immunity. We know IgA immune complexes do not belong to our kidneys, so as our immune system becomes more and more powerful, they will be cleared away little by little.
No IgA immune complexes in mesangial area, no further kidney damages and consequently, IgA Nephropathy is brought under control.

IgA nephropathy daily daily

For patients with IgA nephropathy, we advocate low lipoprotein eating, to limit the excessive intake of dietary protein in the food phosphorus; often accompanied by pharyngitis and tonsillitis due to IgA nephropathy, TCM is mostly Yin deficiency, it is to remind patients with IgA nephropathy in the diet should light, the ban spicy thick tired of the goods, and avoid alcohol.
About 10 IgA patients with favorable side, available to patients and their families Reference:
1 loofah Yin: a segment of old loofah, loofah wash boil water, cooling blood to stop bleeding effect. Applies heat Shang Yin network cause of hematuria patients with IgA nephropathy.
Chine Bamboo Shu water: Rhizoma Imperatae fresh 250g, Jianshui, can put the brown sugar, IgA nephropathy patients may use this when the beverage drink.
The 3 Chine porridge: fresh Rhizoma Imperatae 60g, plus adequate water, and cook for half an hour later, take the Chine water porridge, a times a day.
Smilax glabra turtle soup: a turtle, 90g of Smilax glabra, the turtle put in hot water, making urination, then killed, cut wash, take offal, Smilax glabra, the amount of water and cooking, can be a little salt seasoning.
Carp and winter melon soup: carp 1, about 250g, to the phosphorus and offal, melon around 500g, cook, come a little seasoning salt, fish soup.
6. Caterpillar fungus bird chicken soup: Cordyceps 10g, a black chicken, 10 quail eggs, t eat 1-2 times a week. This side Yiqibushen vital essence the Jiufu physical fitness, increase resistance to disease, reducing the chance of infection, reduce the symptoms of IgA nephropathy and hematuria onset of the times.
Shepherd's purse porridge: a new shepherd's purse 250g, washed, chopped, with m 100g porridge consumption, governance hematuria patients with IgA nephropathy.
. Black Douyu: black beans, Coix seed, chain. Jujube meat 50g, m 200g, plus adequate water, porridge eating, can cure high-protein, hypoalbuminemia patients with IgA nephropathy.
Gorgon kidney soup: the Gorgon 50g, when residual 30g, a pig kidneys, cut open salt and liquor scrub, to taste, and kidney soup, low salt food, one day, cure proteinuria more of patients with IgA nephropathy.
10 Gorgon meal porridge: Gorgon flour 30g walnut meat 15g red dates 10 to the core. Gorgon powder first with cold water into a paste into the boiling water stirring, join the walnut meat, jujube meat gruel paste, daily consumption. Bushengubiao effect of governance kidney of proteinuria, hematuria.
Patients with IgA nephropathy is suitable for the diet to restore side, need to go through the guidance of professional doctors.

How to determine the IgA nephropathy

IgA nephropathy early and not have any symptoms, it is likely before the onset of the patient's body, dormant for many years, even decades. The first symptoms of IgA nephropathy may be hematuria, in patients with a small cold, sore throat or other infection may lead to hematuria. Hematuria is divided into two kinds, gross hematuria and microscopic hematuria. Gross hematuria the urine contains large amounts of blood cells was pink or brown or even cola color. Microscopic hematuria only by virtue of special detection can be detected. While hematuria is not specific symptoms of IgA nephropathy, and excessive exercise can lead to hematuria. So how do we determine the IgA nephropathy?
First, the doctor or nurse through urine testing to determine the existence of blood cells or proteins in the urine of patients. Method with specific chemicals to the test strip into the urine samples, if the test strip color represents the urine contains red blood cells or proteins. Red blood cells in urine together to form a tube, urine tube, the patients with kidney filtration function may have been damaged.
Followed by a blood test to detect the blood of patients with metabolic waste level, the two most important indicators for creatinine and urea nitrogen. The main duties of the kidneys from the body of metabolic waste, so that blood creatinine and blood urea nitrogen level was increased, decreased kidney function. Under normal circumstances, the greater the likelihood of patients developed renal failure diagnosed when creatinine is elevated.
Determine renal function in patients after the doctor may recommend a kidney biopsy to determine if patients with whether people with IgA nephropathy. Renal biopsy refers to the use of special equipment to take a small piece of kidney tissue of patients observed in patients with renal deposition of immune complexes through a microscope to determine the extent of the damage of the kidneys, so as to formulate the best treatment program. After diagnosis of IgA patients require regular blood tests to monitor kidney function.

How to diagnosis of IgA nephropathy

In the country of Japan, the law school-age children must receive routine urine examination. Therefore, children are often in the early IgA nephropathy will be checked out. In China only in the urine into the cola color or brown, people will note that the kidney problem.
There are many reasons that cause hematuria symptoms. Because many doctors are unfamiliar with IgA nephropathy, the patient may go through a series of urinary tests to determine if there is urinary tract infections or congenital malformations. But as long as the red blood cells in the urine under a microscope, you will find these red blood cells is no longer full and mellow, they look ragged edges, what seems to have been bitten by the same. This glomerulus has been damaged, but not yet confirmed what type of glomerulonephritis.
A doctor first thought may be glomerulonephritis caused by streptococcal infection, such symptoms of nephritis and IgA nephropathy, but with IgA nephropathy will heal this nephritis is usually the case. To rule out the possibility of post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis, patients need a variety of tests, including complete blood count and blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, Determination of anti-streptolysin blood.
Your doctor may also ask you to creatinine clearance test. Detected in the blood creatinine levels on the basis of the analysis in the urine of 24 hours to assess the level of kidney function, in order to determine the glomerular filtration rate. Creatinine is the end product of muscle metabolism, one of the most important functions in the kidney is cleared of creatinine in the blood. Creatinine clearance test does not help the doctor determine exactly what type of glomerulonephritis, but can determine the severity of inflammation and kidney damage. Kidney approximately every minute filtered five ounces of blood, IgA nephropathy in patients with glomerular filtration rate is decreased, which lead to glomerular capillary filtration area is reduced due to the inflammatory response, leading to the glomerular filtration rate reduced.
Proteinuria and hematuria, or other kidney disease, lack of features, such as azotemia or significant edema may be caused by IgA nephropathy, but only to the final diagnosis of renal biopsy.

Patients with IgA nephropathy of dietary advice

The survey shows that in the case of normal renal function, IgA nephropathy patients do not need to deliberately restricted diet. But low salt, low protein, high-quality daily diet is still necessary. When patients with renal insufficiency, the need to reduce intake of salt, protein and water. The following is the need to pay attention to some of the patients with IgA nephropathy in the diet.
Control the intake of salt and water
Severe edema, high blood pressure and urinary symptoms, patients should eat salt-free diet; daily intake of water is maintained at between 800-1500 ml; can not eat pickles, pickles, soy sauce, pickled, salted, fermented bean curd and mustard a class of sodium-rich food. If the patients with edema subsided, blood pressure, urine output increased, may be an appropriate intake of salt intake to 2-3 grams.
Control of protein intake
Excessive intake of protein can cause the metabolism to produce more nitrogen and increase the burden on the kidneys. Urine as little cause the body's metabolic waste can not be excreted to accumulate in the human body, causing a series of symptoms of poisoning. Therefore, patients should Eat less meat, eggs, soy and other protein-rich food. To be the patient's condition improves before a moderate increase protein intake.
Consumption of foods rich in vitamins
Fresh fruits and vegetables and other alkaline foods can provide many essential vitamins and promote the recovery of renal function.
More fresh light taste and diuretic effect of food
If the decline in renal function in patients with renal insufficiency, their daily diet depends on the condition of the patient. Although a lot for IgA patients, dietary restrictions, but if patients and their families in the diet more effort, you can effectively reduce the recurrence rate of IgA nephropathy, and help patients return to normal life trajectory as soon as possible .

Non-specific symptoms and signs of IgA nephropathy

The study found that, IgA nephropathy and there is no specific symptoms or signs. So how to determine whether risk of IgA nephropathy?
IgA nephropathy is the most prominent clinical manifestations of recurrent gross hematuria, usually accompanied by proteinuria, but not necessarily. Sustained asymptomatic hematuria without proteinuria symptoms we call the isolated hematuria. Only a small number of patients with isolated hematuria symptoms. With many patients with glomerular nephropathy urine red blood cells, red blood cells in the urine of IgA nephropathy patients for the heterogeneity of red blood cells (compared with the normal red blood cell size and shape have change).
Often accompanied by symptoms of low-grade fever and low back pain due to repeated episodes of hematuria, this situation will often be misdiagnosed as a urinary tract infection or urinary stones. Using a microscope to carefully observe the Urine red blood cells, red blood cells showing non-uniformity of the glomerular lesions, strong glomerular lesions caused by the root cause of the hematuria symptoms.
However, the same symptoms may also occur in thin basement membrane nephropathy, hereditary nephritis and proliferative glomerulonephritis. By renal biopsy, immunofluorescence or electron microscopy easily separated with IgA nephropathy. In addition, proliferative glomerulonephritis also the symptoms of serum complement levels. The X chromosome inherited kidney disease, including hereditary nephritis (excluding from father to son type) deafness symptoms usually appear. By renal biopsy and electron microscopy of thin basement membrane nephropathy and IgA nephropathy easily separate areas.

The symptoms of IgA nephropathy

IgA nephropathy can occur at any age, although relatively rare, but children may also be suffering from IgA nephropathy. Early IgA nephropathy did not show any symptoms, but its diagnosis or evidence-based. Many children with presenting symptoms similar to adult patients. If the disease early can make a clear diagnosis, help to prevent the occurrence of future complications.
Hematuria
Hematuria means blood in urine. May be microscopic hematuria may be gross hematuria. The study said the hematuria is usually accompanied by cough, respiratory infection or fever. As urine contains red blood cells so the colors are deeper than normal urine. Hematuria, and will not be in the active phase of IgA nephropathy continues to appear, or only appear in the active phase of the disease.
Proteinuria
Proteinuria with a lot of protein in the urine. IgA nephropathy-related research institutions, proteinuria and hematuria at the same time is the most common symptoms of IgA nephropathy. Part of the impaired kidney function and lead to the appearance of proteinuria. Under normal circumstances, the kidneys filter out the protein from the urine and then re-absorption, but due to IgA caused damage to the kidneys, resulting in the impairment of this function does not filter out the protein in the urine. The existence of protein in the urine, the patient will appear foamy urine. The urine test can detect the content of protein in the urine, if the protein content of more than 150 mg per day, then proteinuria is more serious.
Fatigue
Reported that fatigue is the most common symptom of IgA nephropathy. This extreme sense of fatigue is usually accompanied by sore throat, headache or low-grade fever.Due to extreme fatigue, the patient is not even doing homework energy are not. And often accompanied by hematuria and proteinuria.
Abdominal pain
IgA nephropathy in children usually experience appendicitis-like abdominal pain of torture. The pain usually occurs in the abdomen, middle or right lower quadrant. Although not yet determined the cause of the abdominal pain, accompanied by abdominal pain, symptoms of hematuria and proteinuria can also be used as one of the basis for the diagnosis of IgA nephropathy.
Side abdominal pain
Back or side abdominal pain associated with IgA nephropathy. This pain of varying severity, ranging from mild back pain to unbearable pain of gun, this will cause the patient can not walk properly. Symptoms in pediatric patients who are rare.
Itching
Itching or itching is common in children with IgA nephropathy. Children accompanied by itching urticaria. The occurrence of such symptoms and the deposition of IgA in children with skin.
Chronic renal failure
Chronic renal failure symptoms include edema (extremities and throughout the body edema), high blood pressure, fatigue, headaches, cramps and insomnia. These symptoms in pediatric patients who are relatively rare, only 5% to 10% of IgA in children with the disease will develop chronic renal failure.

Etiology and complications of IgA nephropathy

The nephropathy pairs of lentils organ size of a fist, located on both sides of the back spine. Each kidney through the filter flows through the kidney's blood from the capillaries (glomerulus) in the waste and excess water to play a role. Blood filtered again to start a new round of blood circulation. Filter out waste as urine into the bladder and then excreted.
IgA is an immunoglobulin class of antibodies, and assume responsibility for the eradication of the antigen plays a key role in the immune system. However, it is due to the deposition of this immunoglobulin in the glomeruli, which leads to impaired kidney filtration function, which immediately caused IgA nephropathy.
After years of research, but the reasons leading to IgA deposition is still a mystery.
May result in the etiology of IgA nephropathy include:
Genetic
Certain family of multiple IgA nephropathy, and to the occurrence of IgA nephropathy and genetic relationship.
Cirrhosis of the liver
The healthy kidney tissue lesions occur in one of the scar tissue is IgA nephropathy as a causal factor
Celiac disease
Digestive diseases caused due to consumption of commonly found in the gluten proteins in grain may trigger IgA nephropathy
Dermatitis herpetiformis
A gluten intolerance accompanied by itching, blisters and symptoms of skin diseases
Infection
HIV infection and various types of viral infections
IgA nephropathy in the course of the disease varied, but also vary from person to person. Although some patients many years of illness, but stable condition, basically no complications. In fact, many times some of the symptoms is not likely to be diagnosed. In addition some patients may occur an even more complications.
Hypertension
Kidney damage caused by IgA deposition can cause elevated blood pressure. This can lead to further damage of the kidney.
Acute renal failure
Once the kidney deposition of IgA in the loss of filtration function, metabolic waste generated will be much more rapid deposition in the blood. At this point, the patient will have to dialysis treatment. After dialysis, the patient's body wastes, toxins will be excreted through the machine, which originally is the responsibility of the kidneys. Dialysis, the doctor will needle through a special access point into your arm, after the blood through the catheter into the dialysis machine. Filtered clean blood to flow back to your body will go through the other end of the catheter.
Chronic renal failure
IgA nephropathy can cause the kidneys gradually lose function. Once renal function is completely lost, and patients in order to survive only accept permanent dialysis or a kidney transplant.
Nephrotic syndrome
Nephrotic syndrome is a series of symptoms of kidney disease caused by glomerular damage. Including high proteinuria, hypoproteinemia, eyelids, feet and abdominal edema.

Have to do with IgA nephropathy renal biopsy?

IgA nephropathy must do renal biopsy? IgA nephropathy is a kidney inherent features of immunoglobulin A deposition mainly caused by cell damage syndrome. Puncture needle into the kidney of the body, remove the small amount of kidney tissue for pathological analysis. There are two kinds of ways, First, the open puncture of the kidney biopsy method, first through the skin puncture renal biopsy in France, now mainly used the latter approach, many clinical genotyping method can not confirm the diagnosis, prognosis, etc., there are many using renal biopsy is useful in diagnosis, guide treatment, prognosis, and to investigate the clinical classification and pathological type of relationship, but also raise an important means of kidney disease clinical and research level. For in-depth study of the field and to explore the pathogenesis of kidney disease, and promote clinical and scientific research of kidney disease in depth, the development of kidney disease, has an important role.
Renal biopsy notes you know? Renal biopsy preoperative preparation? Someone to do before the renal biopsy was very worried, do not know whether they can adapt the renal biopsy, renal biopsy in the preoperative preparation should be noted that what impatience receive a kidney puncture, this practice is very strict taboo. Here's some Notes on renal biopsy.
Renal biopsy is an invasive examination, and choice of puncture cases not only need to master the adaptation levy, they also had to rule out contraindications.
⑴ absolute contraindications: ① significant bleeding tendency, ② severe hypertension, ③ mental illness or do not match operator, ④ solitary kidney, ⑤ small kidney.
⑵ relative contraindications: ① active pyelonephritis, renal tuberculosis, hydronephrosis, or empyema, renal abscess or renal abscess. ② renal tumor or renal artery aneurysm. ③ polycystic kidney disease or kidney large cysts. (4) kidney position is too high (deep breathing, kidney and the lower pole up to 12 ribs) or wandering kidney. The ⑤ chronic renal failure. The ⑥ obesity. ⑦ severe ascites. ⑧ heart failure, severe anemia, low blood volume, pregnant or elderly persons.
Before the renal puncture is well prepared is an important part in reducing complications. Preoperative should undertake the following tasks:
The ⑴ explain the necessity and safety of renal biopsy and possible complications to the patients and their families, and with the consent of the patients and their families agree. Explained to the patients with renal biopsy operation, the lifting of the patient's fear, in order to obtain the cooperation of the patient. Allowed to practice breath holding (renal biopsy will be temporarily hold your breath) and urinating in bed (bed 24 hours after renal biopsy) for close coordination.
⑵ tested positive, clotting time, platelet count and prothrombin time in order to understand whether the bleeding tendency.
⑶ check creatinine clearance, serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen of kidney function, check the isotope renogram understanding of the sub-renal, and make a B super understanding of kidney size, location and activity.
(4) check the blood type, prepared blood, the skin of the preoperative routine cleaning kidney area.
⑸ surgery 2 to 3 days before the oral or intramuscular vitamin K
⑹ acute renal failure in patients with renal biopsy In addition to the laboratory prothrombin time, but also determination of the kaolin partial thromboplastin time, In addition to the check platelet count, should from time to time to check platelet function (aggregation, adhesion and release function), if abnormal, should be corrected before surgery. Abnormal platelet number and function can puncture the day before surgery, infusion of fresh platelets. Bleeding time cold precipitate correction of infusion rich clotting factor. Severe renal failure patients the best in the renal biopsy before the hemodialysis several times, 24 hours before the renal biopsy to stop dialysis, when the end of dialysis to protamine and heparin, and review of the clotting time of the test tube method, before the renal biopsy to confirm that the heparin The effect disappeared.
⑺ surgery the front of the empty bladder. Renal biopsy is usually divided into three categories: the the ⑴ through the skin puncture renal biopsy technique, the present study has been widely recognized and applied renal biopsy; ⑵ surgery to look directly into the open renal biopsy; ⑶ renal vein puncture renal biopsy surgery.
To sum up, the clinical significance of renal biopsy the following main points:
⑴ clear diagnosis: renal biopsy can make more than a third of patients with clinical diagnosis to be corrected.
(2) to guide treatment: nearly a third of patients with clinical treatment programs to be modified by renal biopsy.
⑶ prognosis: renal biopsy can more accurately evaluate the prognosis of patients with kidney disease.
In addition, sometimes in order to understand the effects of treatment or to understand the pathological progress (such as crescentic glomerulonephritis, lupus nephritis and IgA nephropathy, etc.) also need to be repeated kidney pathology.
Have to do with IgA nephropathy renal biopsy?
Different period of development of kidney disease pathological changes inconsistent. Same IgA nephropathy, pathological performance for almost all stages of development from a near-normal renal tissue to the majority of glomerular sclerosis. Therefore, to understand the morphological changes in kidney tissue clinicians to determine the condition, treatment of disease and prognosis and provides an important basis. It can be said that the kidney pathological examination of the development of nephrology in the development of a leap. At present, kidney pathology results has become the gold standard for diagnosis of kidney disease.

What are the main symptoms of IgA nephropathy?

The most common symptom of IgA nephropathy proteinuria and hematuria. Hematuria is divided into microscopic hematuria and gross hematuria, microscopic hematuria refers to the red blood cells is detected only through a microscope observation or chemical hematuria, gross hematuria is visible to the naked eye, dark urine.
Hematuria
Most of the time, microscopic hematuria does not look like blood red, and usually was brown and pungent taste. When the red blood cells in urine leukocyte excess, usually on behalf of the glomerular emergence of inflammation.
Microscopic hematuria may be watered down by the water looks like dehydration. However, the body's water shortage in the case of urine is dark yellow or orange, and microscopic hematuria partial dark green or light black. Transparent plastic cups can be more clearly distinguish microscopic hematuria and the color of dehydrated urine.
Although gross hematuria seem very serious, but patients often earlier than patients with microscopic hematuria discovered disease. Patients should be subject to regular testing, after the detection cycle gradually lengthened. Some initially has no symptoms of gross hematuria in patients may also have at least one gross hematuria incidence. Hematuria occurred, often due to respiratory tract infections, gastrointestinal infections, vigorous exercise, or vaccination, may also cause hematuria.
Hematuria, to pay attention to drink pure water to prevent the formation of blood clots cause pain. Hematuria onset of symptoms, the patient will feel very unwell. Symptom duration varies from person to person, most of them will continue for several days.
A small number of patients with pure hematuria continued. Such patients should avoid fish oil or other clotting effect of Pharmacy (including aspirin), because it will aggravate the bleeding.
Proteinuria
Proteinuria refers to the case of protein leakage into the urine. The vascular wall of the glomerular filtration rate, but the inflammation so that the filter relaxation of the vascular wall, resulting in macromolecular outflow. Glomerular charge under normal circumstances, a filter, because the basement membrane is negatively charged, while suffering from IgA nephropathy, because the release of inflammatory cells with the positively charged enzyme and the negative charge of the basement membrane, vessel wall will not be able to prevent negatively charged protein outflow.
To flush out some protein (less than 150mg / d or 0.15g / d) is normal, but beyond this value there will be problems. Proteinuria is usually as severe (greater than 3000mg / d), moderate (1000-2900mg / d) and minor (less than three levels of 1000mg / d). Some patients with IgA nephropathy, especially children, are usually mild to moderate proteinuria.
Proteinuria can be divided into "selective proteinuria (smaller molecular weight protein-based) and non-selective proteinuria (including a variety of molecular weight proteins). Generally speaking, the selectivity of proteinuria in patients, especially patients with albumin relative to single One of predictability is stronger than than the non-selective proteinuria.
One kind of hematuria, proteinuria often aggravate the disease onset, respiratory diseases, other diseases or mental stress may aggravate proteinuria symptoms.
If, during the development of IgA nephropathy, protein loss continues to be maintained at a heavier level of words, and may lead to poor prognosis. Heavy proteinuria often lead to high blood pressure sicker when protein loss excessive (more than 3g / d), may lead to nephrotic syndrome, the symptoms include edema, fatigue, loss of appetite, abdominal pain and muscle atrophy. If left untreated, a huge loss of immunoglobulins, hormones, and specific proteins will lead to malnutrition and bone demineralization, and aggravate infectious diseases likely to get sick.

Cause the causes and risk factors of IgA nephropathy

The kidney is located in the body cavity by the position of the spine on each side, one pair of watercress-like, fist-sized organ. Each kidney contains small blood Guanxi (kidney and small cones), and filter the blood of waste and excess water. The waste then flows through the bladder when you urinate excreted, then after filtering the blood to re-enter the blood stream of normal operation.
Immune cones protein A is an antibody that plays an important role in the attack invading pathogens. But which in IgA nephropathy, this antibody gathered in renal cones affect its ability to filter slowly.
The reasons of IgA nephropathy
Research scientist can not know exactly what is causing IgA deposition in the kidney, the following factors may be the development of and IgA associated with:
1, genes, IgA nephropathy is more common in some families and ethnic groups show that may be genetically related.
, Cirrhosis, scab tissue replacement normal intrahepatic organization.
3, celiac disease, digestive problems caused by eating the protein-containing cereals.
4, cell-like rash dermatitis, caused by gluten intolerance, the very fast itch skin disease.
5, infectious diseases, including the HIV epidemic and bacterial infectious diseases.
IgA nephropathy: risk factors
Do Guanxi cause is unknown, some factors increase the incidence of diseases:
1, the age, the disease will affect the population of all ages, including children, but it is more likely to occur in the teenage and 21-year-old among the crowd.
Gender, in North America and some Western European countries, the incidence of the disease men than women is higher more than twice.
, Race, compared with blacks, the disease among whites and Asians more generally.
Family history, under certain circumstances, the disease seems in the family is very popular, suggesting that genetic factors may lead to the occurrence of the disease.

The symptoms of IgA nephropathy

IgA nephropathy is a kidney disease which is too much trouble a kidney disease, it will give patients and their families a great deal of pain, therefore, to understand some of Iga nephropathy symptoms, there are still some necessary details on the prevention and treatment of Iga nephropathy we see the introduction of the expert.
Anemia
IgA nephropathy in renal failure patients have suffered damage kidney function, in which the body can not produce enough hormones required to manufacture red blood cells, resulting in anemia. IgA nephropathy in patients with renal failure anemia often feel cold and tired. This is a iga nephropathy symptoms can be seen the most direct.
Hypertension
Some patients with IgA nephropathy in renal function declining at the same time, the clinical manifestations of increase in blood pressure. High blood pressure symptoms of IgA renal failure patients, not a good thing. Hypertension may accelerate the rate of progress of deterioration of renal function of patients with IgA nephropathy, rapidly their condition to the uremic stage.
Physical discomfort
Patients with IgA nephropathy, the kidney function decline, causing the body to produce a large number of toxins and metabolic wastes continue to accumulate in the body, and IgA nephropathy patients may feel the whole body does not apply to appear such as nausea, vomiting, trouble sleeping at night, loss of appetite, a series of symptoms such as itching and fatigue.
Edema
IgA nephropathy may suffer from puffiness of the body. In addition, with the occurrence of swelling of the body, may also be associated with decreased urine output, frequent urination (especially at night) and other symptoms. IgA nephropathy edema of the performance of hand foot and ankle edema, swelling around the eyes. IgA nephropathy in patients with renal failure, shortness of breath and other phenomena may also occur.

Treatment of IgA nephropathy where to begin

IgA nephropathy is an immune the cones protein A cause of primary renal cones nephritis. According to the latest findings of the nephrologist, the treatment of IgA nephropathy is simply to repair kidney damage or anti-inflammatory. Want to get rid of from the root of IgA nephropathy, and you need a system of treatment.
Treatment of IgA nephropathy where to begin?
To answer this question, we must understand the pathogenesis of IgA nephropathy. In fact, its pathogenesis is not hard to understand. IgA nephropathy in the past was that the doctor felt difficult, because the wound did not find the root cause of IgA nephropathy - immune system defects.
IgA nephropathy in the end is how the incidence of it?
IgA, is translated into immune cones protein A, is the immune system to secrete an antibody of immunoglobulin A abbreviation. What are antibodies? Antibody and antigen relative. Refers to when the antigen, such as bacteria, viruses into the human body, the body's immune system to produce antibodies, with contravention of anti-, for the protection of human health. IgA nephropathy is caused by IgA abnormalities.
The IgA how triggered IgA nephropathy?
Under normal circumstances, when the virus attacks the body, the immune system will release the right amount of antibodies to kill the bacteria protect the body's normal operation. For patients with IgA immune system defects, their body will release excess IgA. Bacteria or IgA IgA will be the body itself will form a new substance called immune complex Hesheng matter. These immune complex Hesheng things will stay with the body's blood flow through the kidney and the kidney.
Due to the exclusivity of the body's own immune system starts the immune and inflammatory response of the kidney around to clear immune complex Hesheng matter deposition in the kidney. However, because of their immune system defects, immune complex Hesheng matter not only failed to be cleared, but the inflammatory reaction of the radical immune hurt the surrounding normal cells and tissues of the kidney, causing kidney damage, which is the pathogenesis of IgA nephropathy.
Treatment of IgA nephropathy from where to start?
The pathogenesis of IgA nephropathy, we can draw the following treatment options:
First, to clear the blood of immune complex Hesheng things, to reduce the immune complex Hesheng matter deposition in the kidney.
Second, to clear the kidney on immune complex Hesheng, to reduce the immune and inflammatory response.
Third, anti-inflammatory, to prevent extreme inflammation surrounding renal tissue injury.
Fourth, for the injured kidney tissue, we can by nourishing Qi, Jianshen raise spleen Chinese medicine to repair.
Fifth, rebuild the immune system, get rid of the root cause of IgA nephropathy, and to prevent recurrence of the disease.
Currently focuses on control of inflammation, through western medicine Hesheng matter of immune complex clearance, renal damage, repair, rebuild their immune system, the current Western medicine is "do anything" for the treatment of IgA nephropathy. This also explains the reasons for recurrent disease. The experts recommend starting treatment for kidney disease from the perspective of immunization by Western medicine, Chinese medicine and immunotherapy treatment of IgA nephropathy.